We value gold for many reasons: its beauty,
its usefulness as jewelry, and its rarity. Gold is rare on Earth in
part because it's also rare in the universe. Unlike elements like carbon
or iron, it cannot be created within a star. Instead, it must be born
in a more cataclysmic event - like one that occurred last month known as
a short gamma-ray burst (GRB).
Observations of this GRB provide evidence that it resulted from the
collision of two neutron stars - the dead cores of stars that previously
exploded as supernovae. Moreover, a unique glow that persisted for days
at the GRB location potentially signifies the creation of substantial
amounts of heavy elements - including gold.
"We estimate that the amount of gold produced and ejected during the
merger of the two neutron stars may be as large as 10 moon masses -
quite a lot of bling!" says lead author Edo Berger of the
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA).
[ ... ]
The team calculates that about one-hundredth of a solar mass of material
was ejected by the gamma-ray burst, some of which was gold. By
combining the estimated gold produced by a single short GRB with the
number of such explosions that have occurred over the age of the
universe, all the gold in the cosmos might have come from gamma-ray
bursts.
"To paraphrase Carl Sagan, we are all star stuff, and our jewelry is colliding-star stuff," says Berger.
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